1RLVR vs RLHF (verifiable rewards vs reward models) — how to design the sampling-verification pipeline?
2Large-scale rollout infra: how to schedule training/serving co-location, sampling throughput, and verifier compute?
3How are verifiers built to score/filter trajectories (answer checking, unit-test execution)?
4Test-time scaling: how do longer generation or repeated sampling improve accuracy, and how is cost controlled?
5How is rollout data replayed into policy updates (GRPO/PPO), and how does sampling parallelism affect reward distribution?